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Good photos. I much prefer action sequences over poser shots
Birds which dive for fish, such as Caspian terns, eagles, and osprey, have adapted to the refraction of the water. Think back to when you were a kid and stuck a stick into a mud puddle, Remember how the reflection of the stick on the water seemed to bend forward? The neurological systems of those birds compensate for the refraction so they don't overshoot the fish.
Bill, you're correct... i also suspect part of the reason the terns dive so steeply is to help them minimize that error... when seen from directly overhead, there's little or no refraction of the image, but the farther off vertical you get, the more distortion there is.